Analysis of Neutralization of Acidic Precipitation with Soil.

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  • 酸性降水の土壌による中和反応の解析
  • サンセイ コウスイ ノ ドジョウ ニ ヨル チュウワ ハンノウ ノ カイセキ

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Abstract

The phenomena of environmental acidification by acidic precipitation is a global environmental problem. In this study, in order to assess the effect of acidic precipitation on water quality in rivers and lakes, a new method for estimating the neutralization mechanisms of acidic precipitation with soil is proposed. The method was based on the chemical equilibrium analysis of the relationship between the metal ions released from soil and the pH value in the aqueous phase. The mechanisms of neutralization by soil are generally listed as ; calcium carbonate buffer, cation exchange buffer, aluminum buffer, and anion exchange buffer. However, it is recognized that cation exchange reaction and dissolution of aluminum from the soil are the principal contributors to neutralization of acid precipitation with soil. Many cations take part in neutralization reaction. To represent the multiple components in a lump, a new function is proposed. It is estimated from the pH value of an acid solution before and after equilibration with soils. To estimate the neutralization reaction, a relationship between pH and concentrations of metal ions released from soil and of metal ions derived from neutral soils was proposed. Four samples of soil were used for equilibration experiments between the acid solutions and the soil materials. The results of the analyses revealed that the carbon dioxide in gaseous phase and cations derived from neutral soils contribute strongly to the neutralization of the acidified precipitation during contact with the soil materials.

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