耐熱性プラスチック, ポリアミドおよびポリエステルの熱分解毒性について

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  • Toxicity of pyrolysis products of thermal-resistant plastics including polyamide and polyester.
  • 耐熱性プラスチック,ポリアミドおよびポリエステルの熱分解毒性について〔英文〕
  • タイネツセイ プラスチック ポリアミド オヨビ ポリエステル ノ ネツ ブンカ

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Polyamide and polyester have been used widely because of those excellent thermal stability and chemical inertness. When these plastics are utilized under a high temperature beyond those heat-proof limits for long hours, toxic products are suspected to be generated. It is of importance to study the mechanism of the toxicity of pyrolysis products in order to establish a safety standard.<br>Having pyrolyzed these plastics, the authors analyzed those components with gas chromatography, GC mass spectrography, infrared spectrography and gas detector tube method, and examined the principal lethal factors by means of the biological exposure technique.<br>The gaseous products, yielded on pyrolyzing processes of those polymers, mainly consisted of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons such as methane, ethylene, propylene and benzene. The concentration of carbon monoxide in the pyrolyzate was estimated at a dominant amount. On the contrary, those of hydrocarbons and ketons were lesser amounts than the lethal factors.<br>The approximate lethal concentration (ALC) value in a 7-day observation of mice exposed one hour to pyrolysis gases of polyamide in air showed 79.6g per 1000 litre of air and 30.5g of polyester.<br>More than 55% of blood CO-Hb level was confirmed from the animals which died during a single one-hour exposure period at the range of ALC, so that carbon monoxide proved to be the principal lethal factor and other components were less toxic in the exposure period.<br>The particulate matters resulting from pyrolyzed polyamide and polyester had a diameter of over 100μm and were not impregnated in any acidic group. Even if these particulates are inhaled into the body, the particles will be rejected directly from the respiratory tract without harmful influences.<br>Based on this study the authors could draw the conclusion that the exposure of the pyrolysis products of polyamide and polyester produced a toxic syndrome mainly caused by the effects of carbon monoxide in the acute stage. Futhermore, attention has to be paid following pulmonary edema in the actual cases.<br>A part of this study was presented at 47th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Hygiene held in Tokyo, April, 1977.

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