ホルモースの合成と利用(第1報)

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タイトル別名
  • Studies on Synthesis and Utilization of Formose Part I
  • ホルモース ノ ゴウセイ ト リヨウ 1 ホルムアルデヒド カラ トウルイ ノ セイセイ
  • Sugar Formation by the Formaldehyde Condensation in the Presence of Inorganic or Organic Bases
  • ホルムアルデヒドから糖類の生成

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The aldol condensation of formaldehyde to produce the monosaccharide mixture were investigated in the presence of various inorganic or organic bases. The condensation reaction was carried out at 60°C, in 1.86M formaldehyde aqueous solution with the concentration 0.2 M of various bases. The results were as follows:<br> (1) The sugar forming ability of inorganic bases _??_Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, Pb(OH)2, KOH, NaOH, TIOH_??_ was compared with an organic bases _??_pyridine, collidine, α-, β-, γ-picoline, N-methyl piperidine, N-methyl morpholine, 2-dimethylamino ethanol, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide etc._??_. It was confirmed that the alkaline earth metal hydroxides are better, and especially, Ca(OH)2 is the best catalyst among the tested bases (Table I).<br> (2) The obtained sugar mixture, formose, was composed mainly of keto- and aldohexoses. A small amount of keto- and aldopentoses, a trace of trioses, tetroses and ketoheptoses were also detected (Table II, Figs. 4_??_7).<br> (3) The sugar composition of formoses showed no differences with respect to the kinds of catalysts but the yields of formose varied (Tables I, II and Figs. 4_??_7).<br> (4) The amount of formaldehyde suddenly decreased and the content of sugar became to the maximum value in the progress of condensation reaction. This stage was named the yellowing point. After this stage the sugar content gradually decreased (Fig. 2 and 3).

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