発達期における歯科健康教育に関する考察

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  • Considerations on Dental Health Education in the Developmental Stage
  • ハッタツキ ニ オケル シカ ケンコウ キョウイク ニ カンスル コウサツ

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The dental health care system for the developing children needs to be rearranged from a widely comprehensive standpoint. This is because dental health care and treatment do not always follow an uniform principle, when pathogenic and symptomatic commonness among dental diseases and the variety of their symptoms with age and social background were considered. Dental health examinations for school children are centered on dental caries today, and periodontal diseases and malocclusions are neglected.<BR>Recently, we carried out dental health examinations for 1627 children at a kindergarten, an elementary school, and junior and senior high schools affiliated to a University in the Tokyo area. From the results of these examinations, we attempted in the present paper to discuss the effective objectives of the care and treatment system for dental diseases in the developmental stage, as well as directions for the improvement of dental health education.<BR>The necessity of dental care before three years of age is suggested from the rapid increase in untreated carious teeth during the period from three to four years of age. Further improvement of the dental health education program through the school ages and its successful enforcement before adolescence is also recommended from the fact that there was dominant increase of serious carious teeth in senior high school students. Since gingivitis was observed in 25.7% of the children even at three years of age, and in 62.1 % at four years of age followed by continuous increase in seriousness with the progress of school years, it seems very important to change the teaching objectives of tooth brushing in the early stage of development, to prevent not only dental caries but also periodontitis. Additionally, there seemed to be three important times to examine for malocclusions, namely, three years of age in kindergarten, the 2nd or 3rd year in elementary school, and the 3rd year in junior high school or the 1st year in senior high school. The necessity of providing a criterion for examination of occlusions in dental health care system, which includes the evaluation of their severity, is pointed out.

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