Virology : The Pathogenicity and Host Immune Response Associated with H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Quail

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  • UNO Yukiko
    Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan
  • USUI Tatsufumi
    Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan Avian Zoonosis Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan
  • SODA Kosuke
    Avian Zoonosis Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan
  • FUJIMOTO Yoshikazu
    Laboratory of Biomedicine, Center of Biomedical Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812–8582, Japan
  • TAKEUCHI Takashi
    Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan
  • ITO Hiroshi
    Avian Zoonosis Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan
  • ITO Toshihiro
    Avian Zoonosis Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan
  • YAMAGUCHI Tsuyoshi
    Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan Avian Zoonosis Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680–8553, Japan

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タイトル別名
  • The Pathogenicity and Host Immune Response Associated with H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Quail

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Quail, like chickens, are susceptible to H5N1 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV). Both birds experience high mortality, but quail usually survive a few more days than chicken. To understand why, we monitored quail and chickens after inoculation with 106 fifty-percent egg infectious doses of HPAIV A/whooper swan/Aomori/1/2008 (H5N1). The clinical course initiated as depression at 48 hr post inoculation (h.p.i.) in quail and at 36 h.p.i. in chicken, and all infected birds died. Mean death time of quail (91 hr) was significantly longer than that of chicken (66 hr). The virus titers of most tissue samples collected before death were not significantly different. At 24 h.p.i., interferon gamma (IFN-γ) mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was up-regulated in the quail but down-regulated in the chicken, although TLR-7 and seven other cytokines showed no significant differences between quail and chicken. The viral load in quail PBMC was significantly lower than that in chickens. These results suggest that the induction of IFN-γ after HPAIV infection in quail is related to lower titer of HPAIV. In conclusion, the different clinical courses observed between quail and chicken infected with H5N1 HPAIV might be caused by different IFN-γ responses against the HPAIV infection.

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