Induction of Beige-Like Adipocytes in 3T3-L1 Cells

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  • ASANO Hiroki
    Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
  • KANAMORI Yohei
    Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
  • HIGURASHI Satoshi
    Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., Kawagoe 350–1165, Japan
  • NARA Takayuki
    Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., Kawagoe 350–1165, Japan
  • KATO Ken
    Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., Kawagoe 350–1165, Japan
  • MATSUI Tohru
    Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
  • FUNABA Masayuki
    Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan

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抄録

There are two types of brown adipocytes: classical brown adipocytes that form the brown fat depots and beige adipocytes that emerge in the white fat depots. Beige adipocytes have a low level of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) expression in the basal state, but Ucp1 expression is increased in response to β adrenergic receptor activation. The present study explored the factors responsible for the differentiation of 3T3-L1 white preadipocytes to beige adipocytes. Significant expression of Ucp1 was not detected under any tested conditions in the absence of isoproterenol (Iso), an agonist of β adrenergic receptor. Iso-induced Ucp1 expression was significantly higher in the cells treated with a mixture of triiodothyronine (T3) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) for days 0–8 than in the control cells. Chronic IBMX treatment was indispensable for the enhanced Iso-induced Ucp1 expression, and treatment with additional rosiglitazone (Rosi) for days 0–8 further increased the Ucp1 expression. Recently, genes were identified that are predominantly expressed in beige adipocytes, which were induced from stromal vascular cells in white fat depots. However, the expression levels of the beige adipocyte-selective genes in the adipocytes induced by the mixture of T3, IBMX and Rosi did not differ from those in the control adipocytes. The present study indicates that 3T3-L1 cells can differentiate to beige-like adipocytes by prolonged treatment with the mixture of T3, IBMX and Rosi and that the gene expression profile of the adipocytes is distinct from those previously induced from white fat depots.

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