The process and factors associated with the establishment of voluntary groups among community-dwelling elderly

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  • FUKUSHIMA Atsushi
    Research Institute for Elderly Health, Comprehensive Research Organization, Waseda University Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Home-Visiting Nursing Service Station POT Kokoro, Non-Profit Organization HPT
  • KAWAI Hisashi
    Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
  • MITSUTAKE Seigo
    Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
  • OBUCHI Shuichi
    Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology
  • SHIOTA Shuichi
    Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University
  • OKA Koichiro
    Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University

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Other Title
  • 地域在住高齢者による自主グループ設立過程と関連要因
  • チイキ ザイジュウ コウレイシャ ニ ヨル ジシュ グループ セツリツ カテイ ト カンレン ヨウイン

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Abstract

Objectives Interviews were conducted with elderly people who had participated in the Care-Prevention Leadership Training Course (CPLTC), and had then established voluntary groups that practice care-prevention activities. This study examined the process and factors associated with the establishment of voluntary groups among subjects.<br/>Methods The subjects were ten 62- to 76-year-old community-dwelling elderly in Tokyo who had taken the CPLTC. Data were obtained from 40- to 90-minute semi-structured interviews concerning the process of voluntary-group establishment. The data were then qualitatively analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. Some of the concepts associated with the voluntary-group establishment were extracted, and organized into categories. These relationships were comparatively reviewed, and a figure for the results was constructed.<br/>Results Subjects went through the following processes and feelings while establishing voluntary groups: “feelings that encourage participation in the local community,” “opportunity for participation in the local community,” “recognition of issues in the local community,” “recognition of the importance of care prevention,” “enhanced motivation for voluntary-group activities,” and “recognition of requirements to establish a voluntary-group through its preparation.” In addition, related factors were as follows; “past experience,” “experience in the local community,” “experience in CPLTC,” “support in the local community,” “support in CPLTC,” “support in establishment of voluntary groups,” and “feelings that promote or inhibit activities for the voluntary-group establishment.” These processes were considered to be core concepts: “feelings and experiences that lead to participation in the local community,” “deep understanding through experiences in the community and CPLTC,” and “enhancement of motivation and skills for the activities through voluntary-group preparation.”<br/>Conclusion The results showed that the community-dwelling elderly experienced gradual changes in their feelings, awareness, and related factors concerning their establishment of voluntary groups. The data showed that three points of view were important in those changes: “participation in the local community,” “recognition of issues in the local community,” and “enhanced motivation and skills for community activities.” With transition-related factors taken into account, it is possible to effectively support elderly who are establishing voluntary groups by promoting involvement in the local community, holding courses, and providing preparatory support for group establishment.

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