首長居館遺跡からみた家屋文鏡と囲形埴輪

• 小笠原 好彦

  滋賀大学教育学部

書誌事項

タイトル別名

• Enclosure-shaped Haniwa and the House-Motif Mirror as Seen from Chiefly Residence Sites

抄録

During the Kofun period, chiefs in every region built large residences from which to exercise their chiefly authority. The images of the house-motif mirror unearthed at the Samida Takarazuka tomb in Nara are regarded as closely related to the buildings that were erected at these residential sites. Four types of structures, a raised-floor residence, a ground surface-level residence, a pit-dwelling, and a raised-floor warehouse, are depicted on this mirror. Of these, the raised-floor dwelling is shown with a balcony, parasol, and a tree, and is thought to have been intended to have two birds depicted above its roof as was done for the other buildings, with the high possibility that the design was derived from tower-like buildings in pictures of the realm of the immortals on Wu Family Shrines of Han period China, and was depicted along with the other three structures as buildings associated with the departed chief in the immortals' realm.<BR>On the other hand, there are representational haniwa of a type that may be called "enclosure-shaped" haniwa, thought to be related to facilities erected surrounding chiefly residences. Various theories have been offered for these items, that they were used to represent curtains, or pilings of rice plants around the house for defense, and so forth, and the view that they depict the enclosing wall and gate of an elite residence has also been advanced, but the situation has remained unclear. Recently, however, at Gyojazuka Kofun (Hyogo prefecture), Takarazuka No.1 Kofun (Mie), Shionjiyama Kofun (Osaka), and elsewhere, these items have been found in haniwa placements on the mounds, and in some instances baked clay objects in the form of wooden tanks with troughs, pipe-shaped baked clay objects, and house-shaped haniwa have also been discovered in association with them. As the wooden tank and trough-shaped items are regarded as imitations of the wooden tank and trough features found at the Nango Ohigashi and Makimuku sites (Nara), the Hattori site (Shiga), and elsewhere, it appears certain that enclosure-shaped haniwa were used to encircle house-shaped haniwa representing sheds standing atop water purification facilities. And as an example of a haniwa enclosure surrounding a pipe-shaped baked clay object was unearthed at the Takarazuka No.1 tomb, it is inferred that, as in the inscription "drink the rivers and seas thereof" found in Han period pictures of the realm of the immortals, it was designed to ensure that the when the departed chief went to that realm, he would not lack of purified water to drink.<BR>In the meantime, at least four enclosure-shaped haniwa were recovered along with a group of warehouse-style house-shaped haniwa from the eastern outer precinct at Ishiyama Kofun (Mie), and with the high probability that these are related to the inscriptions of "eat from great warehouses" in the immortals' realm pictures, it is thought that perhaps these enclosures were to guard the warehouse group placed so that the chief would not want for food in the other realm.<BR>In this manner, it is inferred that a good number of grave goods or items which were placed on the mounds bore a close connection to chiefly residences. and were moreover related to the other world (yomi no kuni).

収録刊行物

• 日本考古学

  日本考古学 9 (13), 49-66, 2002

  一般社団法人 日本考古学協会

キーワード

• 古墳時代
• 日本,中国
• 家屋文鏡,首長居館,高床建物,武氏祠,画象石,昇仙図,神仙界,霊樹囲形埴輪,木槽樋型土製品,木槽樋遺構

詳細情報

• CRID: 1390001205318171264
• NII論文ID: 130003637190
• DOI: 10.11215/nihonkokogaku1994.9.49
• ISSN: 18837026
• ISSN: 13408488
• 本文言語コード: ja
• データソース種別:
  • JaLC
  • CiNii Articles
• 抄録ライセンスフラグ: 使用不可