『楽書要録』の伝本

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  • On source materials for the <i>Gakusho Yoroku</i> (Selections from Musical Books)
  • ガクショ ヨウロク ノ デンポン

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This paper aims to investigate and report on the current state of source materials for the Gakusho Yoroku (the Japnese reading of the chinese Yue shu yao lu, or “Selectios from Musical Books” in English). This important research hasn't been attempted for some 60 years.<br>Gakusho Yoroku, a music theory book in ten volumes, was compiled by scholars on the order of Wu Zetian (ca. 624-705), the only Empress of Tang dynasty in China. Its influence on many theoretical writings on Gagaku and Shomyo (Japanese court and religious music) has rendered the Gakusho Yoroku important not only in China but also in Japan. Kibino Makibi, one of the Japanese students sent to Tang by the Japanese government, brought it from China to Japan in 735 (Tenpyo 7). As it passed through the generations several volumes were lost to memory. Today only three volumes survive in Japan, while all Chinese volumes have been lost. The surviving volumes are the 5th, the 6th and the 7th. In addition to these, a few quotations from the lost volumes are found in Japanese writings on Gagaku and Shomyo.<br>Hazuka Keimei, a Japanese scholar, wrote the papers entitled “Gakusho Yoroku Kaisetsu (Commentary on Gakusho Yoroku)” and “Koi Gakusho Yoroku (Editing Gakusho Yoroku)” in 1940-42. In his papers he edited the critical text of this literature through checking various texts in the six manuscripts and the four printed source materials he obtained. I have tried to search for and identify his sources and succeeded in locating three of the manuscripts and the printed sources. I also found two manuscript sources that he did not see. In addition, ten facsimiles of the printed sources have since become available.<br>There are five manuscript sources. Three were copied post-1700s in Edo Japan, but we don't know when the remaining two were copied. MS1 (Manuscript source 1) is in the possession of the Rare Books and Old Materials Room in the National Diet Library. It is the only scroll of all manuscripts. Hazuka K. used it as his standard reference. By whom or when it was copied is unknown. MS2 belongs to Kyoto University Library. It appears in a series of musical documents on the Hayashi family, the musicians of Shitennoji Temple. Oka Masana, a musician of Shitennoji Temple, copied it in 1706 (Hoei 3). MS3 belongs to the National Theater Library. Tanabe Hisao, a scholar of Japanese and Asian music, recopied it in 1910 (Meiji 43) based on Dr. Nakamura Seiji's manuscript that was copied in 1742 (Kanpo 2). After Tanabe died, his son gave it to the library. MS4 belongs to the Kano collection in Tohoku University Library. An unidentified person recopied it based on the manuscript copied by Oka Masana in 1700 (Genroku 13), owned by Hayashi Koyu* and his descendants, musicians of the Shitennoji Temple. MS5 belongs to the Saionji collection in Ritsumeikan University Library. The former owner of the books of this collection is Saionji Kinmochi, a member of a famous family of biwa performers (a kind of lute). It contains only the 6th volume. Like MS1 it is anonymous and lacks a date.<br>There are three editions of the printed sources. The first edition is the Itsuzon (or Isson) Sosho edition by Hayashi Jussai in 1799 (Kansei 11). Hayashi Jussai, a Japanese scholar the Edo government, published a series of lost Chinese books surviving in Japan, naming it Itsuzon Sosho. The second is the Seikakuro* Sosho edition (in Japanese pronunciation). Li Hanzhang published this edition in 1881 (Guangxu 7) based on Hayashi's Itsuzon Sosho edition (published in China). This second edition is a variant of the first. The third is another Itsuzon Sosho edition by You Bingkui and his relatives in 1882 (Guangxu 8). Their text differs considerably from the original Itsuzon Sosho edition as they tried to revise Hayashi's text, changing several words and phrases. In conclusion, it is obvious that the first and original e

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  • 東洋音楽研究

    東洋音楽研究 2003 (68), 27-38,L21, 2003-08-20

    社団法人 東洋音楽学会

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