陥凹型早期胃癌の診断法の進歩と展望

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  • Endoscopic Diagnosis of Depressed Type Early Gastric Cancer-progress and Future Direction.

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Radiologic and endoscopic diagnosis was developed especially in Japan and technique of diagnosis was established. Histopathologicaly divided two types of cancer, well differentiated adeno carcinoma and undifferentiated adeno carcinoma. Disappearance of gastric area was major sign of undifferentiated carcinoma, uneven mucosa was the characteristic endoscopic finding of differentiated adeno carcinoma. Changes of color was another important finding of the IIc area. In differentiated carcinoma, mucosal reddening and in undifferentiated type, discoloration and scattered reddening was frequently seen in IIc area. It is very important to know depth of cancer invasion for perform endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). In three dimensional endoscopic ultrasonography (3D EUS), the destruction of the third layer suggested submucosal infiltration. Another important technique was required for the preoperative diagnosis of determining horizontal extent of invasion. Prior to endoscopic submucosal dissection, dye spreading method is one of useful technique. In addition, magnifying endoscopy and magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (NBI-ME) were developed recently. The fine network pattern was seen in well differentiated adeno carcinoma and corkscrew pattern in undifferentiated adeno carcinomas.

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