早期大腸癌の内視鏡診断と治療―現状と問題点―

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  • ENDOSCOPIC DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY FOR EARLY COLORECTAL CARCINOMAS-CURRENT STATUS AND PROBLEMS-
  • -CURRENT STATUS AND PROBLEMS-
  • ―現状と問題点―

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We assessed current status and problems of endoscopic diagnosis and therapy for early colorectal carcinomas. Current indication of curative endoscopic resection is intramucosal carcinomas (Ca in situ) and submucosal (SM) carcinomas with less than 1, 000 um SM invasion distance without any risk factors for lymphnode metastasis. Useful conventional colonoscopic findings for therapeutic strategy (whether EMR or surgery should be chosen) were extracted as follows ; expansion appearance, stiffness, uneven surface, uneven depression surface, converging folds toward the tumor, deformity of the colonic wall, swelling of the tumor surroundings. Detection of VN pit pattern using magnifying colonoscopy is also useful indicator for SM massive carcinomas. Recently, narrow band imaging system became available and is useful for detection of the lesions, discrimination between adenoma and carcinomas and inva-sion depth diagnosis. Regarding endoscopic therapy for early colorectal carcinomas, EMR including scheduled piecemeal EMR is mainly performed as curative endoscopic treatment. In recent years, ESD is introduced in order to improve en-block resection rate. However this technique has relative high risk of serious complication and required long procedure time, technical advancement of safer ESD by the development of new devices will be required. As for the follow up after endoscopic resection for early colorectal carcinomas, it is also required that establishment of the follow up system for early detection of local recurrence, and lymphnode and distant metastasis in SM carcinomas.

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