Women's Health Issues in Cambodia during Post-conflict Reconstruction and Development

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  • 紛争後復興開発過程のカンボジアにおける女性の健康問題

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Abstract

[Objectives] This study aims to analyze women's health issues in post-conflict Cambodia and to discuss the impacts of conflicts on women's health.<br>[Methods] We collected a wide range of literatures and analyzed the historical background and the situation of health and health services in Cambodia. We visited the Ministry of Health, international agencies and health facilities in urban and rural areas for collecting information. We conducted semi-structured interviews to community women, health staff and married men, as well as focus group discussions (FGD) among women. <br>[Results and Discussions] During Pol Pot regime in the late 1970s, most people were subjected to forced migration and hard labor, and many of them, particularly intellectuals, were killed. As a result, most people are still suffering from physical and mental problems, and the reconstruction of the health services delayed due to shortage of skilled personnel including physicians. Health services have been improved dramatically since 1990s by receiving various international aids. However, gaps between the rich and the poor have been widened.<br>Although most women told that they had some health problems, those who were very poor or separated from their husbands seemed to suffer more seriously than those who had no family problems, and to be unable to control their emotions while talking about experiences during the conflict. This might be caused by unhealed psychological trauma, which, in turn, disturbed the reconstruction of their lives. Most women recognized that conflicts affected their health status and they also admitted that poverty and ill-health formed a vicious cycle. Possible interventions should empower women so that they can develop their latent capacities and rebuild community networks.<br>[Conclusion] It is important to focus on the access to the basic health services for the rural and urban poors. It is also important to improve mental health support, so that the poor women can get over the past experience.

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