Computational Complexity and an Integer Programming Model of Shakashaka

  • DEMAINE Erik D.
    MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
  • OKAMOTO Yoshio
    Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications
  • UEHARA Ryuhei
    School of Information Science, JAIST
  • UNO Yushi
    Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University

抄録

Shakashaka is a pencil-and-paper puzzle proposed by Guten and popularized by the Japanese publisher Nikoli (like Sudoku). We determine the computational complexity by proving that Shakashaka is NP-complete, and furthermore that counting the number of solutions is #P-complete. Next we formulate Shakashaka as an integer-programming (IP) problem, and show that an IP solver can solve every instance from Nikoli's website within a second.

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