輻射誤差が補正された改良型バイメタル温度計及びその飛揚試験結果

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  • An Improved Bimetal Thermometer Self-compensating for Radiation Error and its Flight Results

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Solar radiation and time lag e rrors are pointed out as the main source of the serious systematic errors in the temperature measurement at high altitudes. The correction for the radiation errors of Japanese radiosonde has been performed for aerological data above 400 mb, while that for the time lag error has been placed out of consideration.<BR>The purpose of the present paper is to clarify whether or not the now employed correction for radiation errors fulfils sufficiently the requirements to obtain a true value of the ambient temperature and further, to estimate the magnitude of time lag errors at each altitude.<BR>In order to achieve the above mentioned purpose, an improved radiosonde temperature element had been developed, which consists of two bimetal strips, one silver plated and the other blackened, so as to selfcompensate for the effect of solar radiation.<BR>A series of comparative flight tests and numerous experiments had been made to assess the magnitude of radiation and time lag errors of the shielded temperature element with a ventilation duct.<BR>These results show that the solar radiation error at any altitude amounts to more than twice the magnitude of the correction now employed for the solar elevation angle 30°, and the time lag coefficient to about 280sec at 20 mb,120sec at 50mb, and 40sec at 200mb, and 14sec at 1000mb.<BR>The observed temperature differences between day and night observations carried out in Feb.,1956, were found to be fairly greater than the expected errors. It suggests that the magnitude of the diurnal variation of temperature amounts to 0.3°C at 50 mb, 0.15°C at 100 mb, the probable accuracy of the measuring instrument being permitted to be ±0.5°C.<BR>This paper summarizes the experimental results that were obtained in our laboratory during the interval from Apr.,1955 to Feb.,1956.<BR>In this paper, the principle and construction of the improved bimetal thermometer is described and also the results of a series of comparative tests on the radiation and time lag errors of Japanese radiosondes are shown.

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