Autophagy: Mechanisms and Membrane Origins

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  • 渋谷 周作
    Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, /Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
  • 吉森 保
    Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, /Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University

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  • オートファジー：メカニズムと膜の起源
  • オートファジー : メカニズム ト マク ノ キゲン

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Abstract

Autophagy is an intracellular bulk degradation system that is conserved from yeast to human. When autophagy is induced by stresses such as nutrient starvation, double–membrane vesicles called autophagosomes are formed in the cytoplasm, and the cytosolic components inside the autophagosome are degraded by autophagosome–lysosome fusion. Autophagy is thought to prevent many important diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, heart failure, type II diabetes, and pathogen infection, and therefore is an attractive target for clinical applications. In this review, we will discuss Atg proteins that were discovered in 1990’s and their functions in relation to autophagosome biogenesis. We will also discuss selective autophagy, which specifically targets unwanted structures and maintains intracellular homeostasis.

Journal

  • MEMBRANE

    MEMBRANE 40 (1), 9-20, 2015

    THE MEMBRANE SOCIETY OF JAPAN

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