Effects of Immersion in Artificial Carbon Dioxide on Endothelial Function Assessed with Flow-Mediated Dilation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

• MAKINO Naoki

  Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Kyushu University

• MAEDA Toyoki

  Department of Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Kyushu University

• ABE Nobuyuki

  Abe Medical Clinic

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of present study was to investigate the endothelial function of immersion of patients with diabetes in carbon dioxide (CO₂)-enriched water<BR>Methods: Sixteen diabetic patients with minor complications were immersed in CO₂-enriched water for 4 weeks, and 8 patients were immersed in normal spa water for the same duration. To assess endothelial function, forearm flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured in those patients, and %FMD at pre-immersion was compared to that at post-immersion in CO₂-enriched water. The pulse wave velocity (PWV) was also measured to determine whether vascular stiffness was affected in those patients. The percent coefficient of variation of R-R intervals was examined as CVR-R (%). All patients were medicated with antidiabetic drugs, which were not changed during the study.<BR>Results: %FMD showed no significant difference in any patients between pre- and post-CO₂-enriched water bathing. However, %FMD was significantly increased in patients under 8.0% of HbA1c after CO₂-enriched water bathing (p<0.05), but it was not significantly increased in patients over 8.0 of HbA1c. PWV and CVR-R (%) were significantly reduced in all patients after CO₂-enriched water bathing. <BR>Conclusion: CO₂-enriched water immersion had a positive effect on endothelial function, and reduced arterial wall stiffness in patients with diabetes. These findings suggest that CO₂-enriched water bathing may improve microcirculation, as well as subjective symptoms, in patients with controlled diabetes.

Journal

• The Journal of The Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine

  The Journal of The Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine 78 (3), 276-284, 2015

  The Japanese Society of Balneology, Climatology and Physical Medicine

Keywords

• diabetes
• flow-mediated dilation
• CO₂ water
• endothelial function
• PWV

Details

• CRID: 1390001206569127296
• NII Article ID: 130005072042
• NII Book ID: AN00186245
• DOI: 10.11390/onki.78.276
• ISSN: 18843697
• ISSN: 00290343
• NDL BIB ID: 026421144
• Web Site: https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I026421144
• Web Site: https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2016061232
• Text Lang: en
• Data Source:
  • JaLC
  • NDL
  • CiNii Articles
  • KAKEN
• Abstract License Flag: Disallowed