東日本大震災2年後のソーシャル・ケアとレジリエンス:——気仙沼市面瀬中学校仮設住宅の事例を踏まえて—— Resilience and Social Care Two Years after the Great East Japan Earthquake::Based on a Case Study of Temporary Housing in Kesennuma

This paper deals with practices against the risks from a disaster two years after the March 11th Great East Japan Earthquake. Setting the scene in a temporary housing agglomeration in Kesennuma, a devastated coastal city, I have been collecting longitudinal narratives of local people who are building a new community in a temporary village. I have also continued to observe the philosophy, know-how, and management of an NPO running this temporary village's community center. Following their experience of social care after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995, the NPO developed methods to detect the symptoms of depression, alcohol-dependency, and solitude. The prevalence of various techniques to tackle the risks caused by having to endure shelter life over a long period illustrates Japan's progress in being able to form a resilient society. In addition, at the end of the paper, I shall try to identify factors that contribute to enhancing a community's ability to accept outside support.