Effects of counterweight fill on reduction of settlement of main embankment constructed on sandy soil deposits liquefied during earthquakes

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When long-stripe structures used as road embankments are constructed on liquefied sandy soil deposits, several countermeasures against liquefaction using soil improvement methods such as sand compaction pile method or deep mixing method are generally applied to the sandy ground directly under the fill slope in the longitudinal direction of the structures. However, such improvement methods are costly. When the site is not restricted to a narrow area and the land price is low, counterweight fill methods are usually applied to soft clayey soil deposits as a static stabilization countermeasure. In the present study, a series of residual deformation analyses during earthquakes was performed in order to clarify the effects of the counterweight fill on the reduction of settlement of the main embankment constructed on liquefied ground, where the counterweight fill was applied to the liquefied ground as a countermeasure against liquefaction without improvement of soil ground described above. Static analyses using the FEM analysis program ‘ ALID’ were conducted for three sections of counterweight fill models with different heights and without counterweight fill. Consequently, the earthquake-induced residual settlement of the main embankment, corresponding to the roadway part, decreased when the width and height of the counterweight fill was long and high, respectively. Therefore, reduction in residual deformation may be possible due to the application of the counterweight fill without the soil improvement methods.

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