Cytokeratin 13, Cytokeratin 17, Ki-67 and p53 Expression in Upper Layers of Epithelial Dysplasia Surrounding Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma

  • Matsuhira Akiko
    Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
  • Noguchi Sunaki
    Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College
  • Sato Kazumichi
    Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College
  • Tanaka Yoichi
    Division of Surgical Pathology, Clinical Laboratory, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College
  • Yamamoto Gou
    Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Showa University
  • Mishima Kenji
    Department of Oral Pathology and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Showa University
  • Katakura Akira
    Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College

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Early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) improves its prognosis and aids in selecting the appropriate treatment, which may also have a positive effect on quality of life. Early detection, therefore, is an important issue in the treatment of this disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate expression of cytokeratin 13 (CK13), CK17, Ki-67 and p53 as potential markers of tongue SCC. Five areas in 12 specimens were examined: the upper and lower layers of normal epithelium; those of dysplastic epithelial tissue surrounding the cancerous lesion; and the lesion itself. Strong expression of each of the following mRNAs and proteins was observed; CK13 in upper layers of normal epithelium; Ki-67 and p53 in lower layers of normal epithelium; CK13 and CK17 in upper layer of epithelial dysplasia; and CK17, Ki-67, and p53 in lower layer of epithelial dysplasia and cancerous lesions. These results indicate that the characteristic pattern of expression of CK13 and CK17 differs between normal and dysplastic oral epithelium. Oral epithelial dysplasia adjacent to OSCC has high malignant potential, and is similar to early-stage OSCC. This suggests that evaluation of these markers could be a useful secondary procedure for improving detection of early-stage OSCC.

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