Mammalian-specific genomic functions: Newly acquired traits generated by genomic imprinting and LTR retrotransposon-derived genes in mammals
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- KANEKO-ISHINO Tomoko
- School of Health Sciences, Tokai University
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- ISHINO Fumitoshi
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
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Abstract
Mammals, including human beings, have evolved a unique viviparous reproductive system and a highly developed central nervous system. How did these unique characteristics emerge in mammalian evolution, and what kinds of changes did occur in the mammalian genomes as evolution proceeded? A key conceptual term in approaching these issues is “mammalian-specific genomic functions”, a concept covering both mammalian-specific epigenetics and genetics. Genomic imprinting and LTR retrotransposon-derived genes are reviewed as the representative, mammalian-specific genomic functions that are essential not only for the current mammalian developmental system, but also mammalian evolution itself. First, the essential roles of genomic imprinting in mammalian development, especially related to viviparous reproduction via placental function, as well as the emergence of genomic imprinting in mammalian evolution, are discussed. Second, we introduce the novel concept of “mammalian-specific traits generated by mammalian-specific genes from LTR retrotransposons”, based on the finding that LTR retrotransposons served as a critical driving force in the mammalian evolution via generating mammalian-specific genes.
Journal
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- Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B
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Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B 91 (10), 511-538, 2015
The Japan Academy
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Keywords
Details 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1390282679123738496
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- NII Article ID
- 130005129677
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- NII Book ID
- AA00785485
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- ISSN
- 13492896
- 03862208
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- NDL BIB ID
- 027003994
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- PubMed
- 26666304
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- Text Lang
- en
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- Data Source
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- JaLC
- NDL
- Crossref
- PubMed
- CiNii Articles
- KAKEN
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- Abstract License Flag
- Disallowed