The Responses of Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation and Airway to Allergic Mediators in Anesthetized Rats

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  • Wang Mofei
    Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University Department of Diabetes Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University
  • Shibamoto Toshishige
    Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University
  • Kuda Yuhichi
    Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University
  • Tanida Mamoru
    Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University
  • Zhang Tao
    Department of Cororectal and Hernia Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University
  • Song Jie
    Department of Anesthesiology, China–Japan Friendship Hospital
  • Mukai Kiyotaka
    Department of Nephrology, Kanazawa Medical University
  • Kurata Yasutaka
    Department of Physiology II, Kanazawa Medical University

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Lung allergic diseases sometimes accompany pulmonary vaso- and broncho-constriction. Rats are currently used for the experimental study of lung allergies. However, their hemodynamic mechanisms are not fully understood. Therefore the effects of allergic mediators were determined systematically in vivo in rats in terms of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), airway pressure (AWP) and total peripheral resistance (TPR). We directly measured pulmonary arterial pressure, left atrial pressure, systemic arterial pressure, central venous pressure and aortic blood flow to determine PVR and TPR, as well as AWP, following injections of platelet-activating factor (PAF), histamine, serotonin, leukotriene (LT) C4, and prostaglandin (PG) D2 in anesthetized open-chest artificially ventilated Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. PVR was dose-dependently increased by consecutive administration of PAF, LTC4, and PGD2, with the maximal responsiveness being PAF>LTC4>PGD2. However, neither histamine nor serotonin changed PVR. TPR was decreased by all agents except LTC4 which actually increased it. PAF and serotonin, but not the other agents, increased AWP. In conclusion, allergic mediators exert non-uniform actions on pulmonary and systemic circulation and airways in anesthetized SD rats: PAF, LTC4 and PGD2, but not histamine or serotonin, caused substantial pulmonary vasoconstriction; LTC4 yielded systemic vasoconstriction, while the others caused systemic vasodilatation; only two mediators, PAF and serotonin, induce airway constriction.

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