Calcinated egg shell as a candidate of biosecurity enhancement material

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  • OTA Mari
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
  • TOYOFUKU Chiharu
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
  • THAMMAKARN Chanathip
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1–1, Yanagido, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
  • SANGSRIRATANAKUL Natthanan
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1–1, Yanagido, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
  • YAMADA Masashi
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
  • NAKAJIMA Katsuhiro
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
  • KITAZAWA Minori
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
  • HAKIM Hakimullah
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1–1, Yanagido, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
  • ALAM Md. Shahin
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1–1, Yanagido, Gifu 501–1193, Japan
  • SHOHAM Dany
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
  • TAKEHARA Kazuaki
    Laboratory of Animal Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1–1, Yanagido, Gifu 501–1193, Japan

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Calcinated egg shell (Egg-CaO), of which the main component is calcium oxide, was evaluated in the forms of powder and aqueous solutions for their efficacies as disinfectants against avian influenza virus (AIV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), Salmonella Infantis and Escherichia coli. Egg-CaO powder inactivated these viruses within 3 min in the presence of 33% of fetal bovine serum (FBS). In Egg-CaO solutions, except AIV, all pathogens were inactivated within 1 hr, even in the presence of 5% of FBS. Without FBS, all pathogens, except AIV, were inactivated within 3 min, and AIV within 1 hr. In addition, persistence of virucidal activity against AIV and NDV of Egg-CaO powder was confirmed after exposure to sunlight for 2 weeks or resuspension with water for 7 times, simulating field harsh environments. Chick growth test was conducted to ensure the safety of the use of Egg-CaO powder in chicken cages and showed that it is safe to add Egg-CaO in litter or feed. In conclusion, Egg-CaO can be useful for the enhancement of biosecurity at farms.

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