Child-rearing, Education, and the Life of People with Livelihood Difficulties under the Social Transformation towards the Era of Neoliberalism

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  • 新自由主義時代への社会変容の下での生活困難層の子育て・教育，生活
  • シン ジユウ シュギ ジダイ エ ノ シャカイ ヘンヨウ ノ シタ デ ノ セイカツ コンナンソウ ノ コソダテ ・ キョウイク,セイカツ

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Abstract

The theme of this paper is to examine what kind of changes had occurred in the child-rearing, education, and life of people with livelihood difficulties under the social transformation towards the era of neoliberalism. The actual situation of their child-rearing, education, and life is grasped based on the data provided by investigations that our collaborative research group carried out twice, in about 1990 and about 2010 (respectively a previous investigation and a more recent one), which targeted residents in a large-scale public housing complex in a well-known city in northern Japan. In so doing, this study attempts to catch the character of the change in the situation in accordance with the mass society theory of Michio Goto, a social philosopher, and to grasp social transformation from the point of view of mass society integration and its re-shrinkage by neoliberalist measures.<BR><BR>Mass society integration is established by canalizing the masses into regarding that lifestyle as self-evident, which is suitable for the existing order of total society. In the case of mass society integration in Japan, the lifestyle regarded as self-evident is one indicated by the social standard that the members of each family should work and live in a way that is incorporated into competitive relations at several phases of life. <BR><BR>At the time of the previous investigation, the self-evident nature of the social standard had spread to a large extent among people with difficulties in livelihood, who were largely captured by this integration. At the time of the recent investigation, the existing social standard came to show fluctuations, but the broadly practical way of working and living in some way other than one based on that standard was not found. It was found to be the true fact at this time that people with livelihood difficulties managed in daily life and its difficulties, in terms of an individual person or household, and they were still subject to integration.

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