Attributing Historical Changes in Probabilities of Record-Breaking Daily Temperature and Precipitation Extreme Events
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- Shiogama Hideo
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies
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- Imada Yukiko
- Meteorological Research Institute
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- Mori Masato
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo
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- Mizuta Ryo
- Meteorological Research Institute
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- Stone Dáithí
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
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- Yoshida Kohei
- Meteorological Research Institute
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- Arakawa Osamu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
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- Ikeda Mikiko
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
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- Takahashi Chiharu
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo
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- Arai Miki
- Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies
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- Ishii Masayoshi
- Meteorological Research Institute
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- Watanabe Masahiro
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo
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- Kimoto Masahide
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo
抄録
<p>We describe two unprecedented large (100-member), long-term (61-year) ensembles based on MRI-AGCM3.2, which were driven by historical and non-warming climate forcing. These ensembles comprise the “Database for Policy Decision making for Future climate change (d4PDF)”. We compare these ensembles to large ensembles based on another climate model, as well as to observed data, to investigate the influence of anthropogenic activities on historical changes in the numbers of record-breaking events, including: the annual coldest daily minimum temperature (TNn), the annual warmest daily maximum temperature (TXx) and the annual most intense daily precipitation event (Rx1day). These two climate model ensembles indicate that human activity has already had statistically significant impacts on the number of record-breaking extreme events worldwide mainly in the Northern Hemisphere land. Specifically, human activities have altered the likelihood that a wider area globally would suffer record-breaking TNn, TXx and Rx1day events than that observed over the 2001-2010 period by a factor of at least 0.6, 5.4 and 1.3, respectively. However, we also find that the estimated spatial patterns and amplitudes of anthropogenic impacts on the probabilities of record-breaking events are sensitive to the climate model and/or natural-world boundary conditions used in the attribution studies.</p>
収録刊行物
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- SOLA
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SOLA 12 (0), 225-231, 2016
公益社団法人 日本気象学会
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詳細情報 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1390001205222859008
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- NII論文ID
- 130005259661
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- ISSN
- 13496476
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- 本文言語コード
- en
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- データソース種別
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- JaLC
- Crossref
- CiNii Articles
- KAKEN
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- 抄録ライセンスフラグ
- 使用不可