Serum Albumin and High-Sensitivity C-reactive Protein are Independent Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Middle-Aged Japanese Individuals: the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study

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  • Kubo Sachimi
    Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Kitamura Akihiko
    Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
  • Imano Hironori
    Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
  • Cui Renzhe
    Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
  • Yamagishi Kazumasa
    Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
  • Umesawa Mitsumasa
    Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University
  • Muraki Isao
    Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
  • Kiyama Masahiko
    Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
  • Okada Takeo
    Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
  • Iso Hiroyasu
    Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
  • the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study Investigators

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Abstract

<p>Aim: It is important to explore predictive markers other than conventional cardiovascular risk factors for early detection and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a major risk factor for end-stage renal failure. We hypothesized that serum albumin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to be independent markers, and examined their associations with the risk of CKD.</p><p>Methods: We examined the associations of serum albumin and hs-CRP levels with the risk of incident CKD, in 2535 Japanese adults aged 40–69 years without CKD at baseline during a median 9.0-year follow-up after adjustment for known cardiovascular risk factors.</p><p>Results: During the follow-up period, 367 cases of CKD developed. In multivariable analyses adjusted for known risk factors, the CKD hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the highest versus lowest quartiles of serum albumin levels were 0.69 (0.40–1.17) for men and 0.42 (0.28–0.64) for women. Corresponding values for hs-CRP were 0.95 (0.54–1.67) for men and 1.85 (1.25–2.75) for women. The association of combined serum albumin and hs-CRP with the risk of CKD was examined for women. The hazard ratio was 1.72 (1.17–2.54) for low versus higher albumin levels at lower hs-CRP levels, but such an association was not observed at high hs-CRP level. The hazard ratio was 1.96 (1.44–2.66) for high versus lower hs-CRP levels at higher serum albumin levels, but such association was not observed at low serum albumin level.</p><p>Conclusion: Both low serum albumin and high hs-CRP levels were predictive of CKD for women.</p>

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