北方型エコスクールを対象とした体育館の外皮性能向上に関する研究

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • BUILDING ENVELOPE PERFORMNACE IMPROVEMENT OF GYMNASIUM AT ECO-SCHOOLS IN COLD REGIONS
  • 北方型エコスクールを対象とした体育館の外皮性能向上に関する研究 : 高断熱化を図った体育館の断熱・気密性能の検証
  • ホッポウガタ エコスクール オ タイショウ ト シタ タイイクカン ノ ガイヒ セイノウ コウジョウ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ : コウダンネツカ オ ハカッタ タイイクカン ノ ダンネツ ・ キミツ セイノウ ノ ケンショウ
  • 高断熱化を図った体育館の断熱・気密性能の検証
  • Thermal insulation and airtightness performance verification of gymnasium designed by high thermal insulation

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抄録

 Immediately after the Great East Japan Earthquake, 622 school facilities were performing the function as evacuation shelters. However, the problems such as ensuring of power and water, shortage of heating equipment, and so on occurred. On the other hand, as an important measure against cold for disaster prevention in Sapporo, it has been stockpiling a lot of sleeping bag, blanket, portable kerosene stove. Moreover, an approach to high thermal insulation for gymnasiums was shown in June 2011, and it has actually been attempted from FY2014. The aim of this study is to quantitatively clarify the effects of building envelope performance improvement of gymnasium at Eco-Schools in cold regions designed by high thermal insulation that will contribute to improvement of thermal comfort, reduction of heating energy consumption and strengthening of disaster prevention. The results are as follows:<br> 1) Because eating and sleeping will be main actions at the time of emergency evacuation, there were the most 20 °C or more at the minimum room temperature that should be secured. In addition, the occurrence frequency of icicles was particularly high due to warm air retained near a ceiling and insufficient thermal insulation of a roof.<br> 2) Annual heating energy consumption per floor area in a gymnasium building was 344 MJ/m2/year that was equivalent to 2 times of that in a school building. About 80 % gymnasiums were widely distributed over 20-40 % regarding the heating consumption rate of gymnasium among entire school.<br> 3) There was no case that room temperature fell below 10 °C in gym H for high thermal insulation type designed by external insulation and SRC structure. Gym H had the superior temperature characteristics of minimum room temperature and room temperature fluctuation rate compared to gym I and A for old standard type. It was confirmed that gym H had the thermal insulation performance of more than twice of present standard specification.<br> 4) Inside-outside temperature difference based on solar heat in gym H was 11.4 °C on average. On the other hand, because it based on human body heat ensured by calorific value 34.56 kW from evacuees was 19.1 °C, it can be determined that the design target was almost achieved.<br> 5) The performance values of air leakage coefficient, air leakage exponent and effective leakage area were verified by airtightness measurement. It was considered that the difference of airtight performance was greatly influenced by the differences such as mainly structure type or window sash type.<br> 6) Equivalent leakage area including a confidence interval in gym H was 692-937 cm2, and also ACH50 was 0.41 h-1 (per envelope area 1.68 m3/h/m2). It was confirmed that infiltration heat loss was 5.5-22.1 kW under inside-outside temperature difference 20 °C and wind velocity 0-10 m/s.

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