Evaluation of tsunami force on concrete girder by experiment simulating steady flow

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  • Fu Li
    Dept. of Civil Eng., Kyushu Institute of Technology
  • Kosa Kenji
    Dept. of Civil Eng., Kyushu Institute of Technology
  • Sasaki Tatsuo
    Technical Generalization Division, Nippon Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.
  • Sato Takashi
    Structural Engineering Division, Chodai Co., Ltd.

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Abstract

Many bridge girders were washed away by the tsunami due to the Great East Japan Earthquake and the design method of tsunami force affecting bridge girder has not been proposed. The authors conducted the steady flow experiment to simulate the tsunami flow and studied the characteristics of the wave horizontal force and vertical force affecting the girder model. It was obtained that the wave horizontal force was proportional to the square of flow velocity and the evaluation formula of horizontal force was proposed. The downward force was found affecting the model in the steady flow ignoring the rise speed of water level but the maximum uplift force, which was about 38% of buoyancy force applying on the model in static water condition, was found affecting the model if the rise speed of water level of steady flow was simulated by 90 cm/min (prototype: 6.4 m/min).

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