STUDY ON RECOGNITION OF AGE ON ENVIRONMENT AND CIVILIZATION IN RICHARD NEUTRA'S SURVAVAL THROUGH DESIGN FOCUSING ON THEIR THEMES

SUEKANE Shingo

doi:10.3130/aija.82.2113

This paper is intended to comprehensively and relatively grasp the content and its position of the book Survival Through Design, as a discourse on Neutra's 【Age Recognition】. The keywords of the subjects were sorted out as a number of items and examined from the viewpoint of the hierarchical composition of the meaning, by extracting the thesis which becomes the subject from his thesis, which leads to the policy and method. 【Age Recognition】 shown in Neutra's book is consisted of the second level of five items of "environment", "civilization", "style", "construction", and "beauty". "Environment" consists of [natural environment] and [artificial environment]. "Civilization" is [technology], [technology / machine], [standardization], [product / material], [performance], [maintenance], and [user / client]. In this paper I mainly focus on the items of the second level, from the items, which are particularly mentioned and exhaustively examined in each chapter. First, concerning Neutra 's concept of "Environment", he shows concern about human beings being separated from "nature", and the necessity of "finding" the interrelationship of natural phenomena from "nature". In particular, it will be distinguished by the uniqueness of the collaborative "Genius Loci" in California. At the same time, Neutra shows the necessity of gazing at the individuality to each of the "nature" components according to the growth and function of "nature", "to find" harmony between growth and function in the "natural environment". In [artificial environment], he looked at production (growth) and discordance of function, and contrast with [natural environment]. Neutra raises "found out" "function founded" from "natural environment", which is different from the general modern functional theory, he said "function" to his own "biology" As a matter of fact, we have identified the "adjustment", "change" of the environment by ourselves. Then, as a concept about his "Civilization", although [technology] itself shows the expectation for the transformation that life brings to life and the interest in adaptation of its design, [technology] is only a means, at the same time, its progress is obviously an opportunity to lose human nature. Among them, he finds a clear difference between "standardization" by [technology] and the "unity" that responds to the characteristics of the region, that is, it leads to the authenticity of regionalism. This "unity" is a concern for altering the way of making towns and buildings by "standardization" and the act of daily life itself, he was conscious of that. And he presented consistency created by form, material, scale etc. as his own "useful scale". In other words, it can be said that Neutra positions [technology] under the interaction of nature and humanity. This is also in agreement with the second phase of Walter Benjamin's technology two stages (the first stage of which is to conquer nature). From the perspective of such civilization, Neutra is a necessary condition for "Survival" that Neutra is the subject, positive standardization of materials, and improvement of construction technology by the standardization taking into account the characteristics of the region. He acquired a viewpoint on harmony of both with the universality of recruitment and the individuality of the importance of the material of "raw" for the "Survival" of humanity for his architectural design.

STUDY ON RECOGNITION OF AGE ON ENVIRONMENT AND CIVILIZATION IN RICHARD NEUTRA'S <i>SURVAVAL THROUGH DESIGN</i> FOCUSING ON THEIR THEMES

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