Hair mercury levels in relation to fish consumption among Vietnamese in Hanoi

  • Hoang Van Anh Thi
    Department of Basic Medical Science, National Institute for Minamata Disease Graduate School of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
  • Do Hien Thu Thi
    General Planning Department, National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Vietnam
  • Agusa Tetsuro
    Graduate School of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
  • Koriyama Chihaya
    Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
  • Akiba Suminori
    Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
  • Ishibashi Yasuhiro
    Graduate School of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
  • Sakamoto Mineshi
    Department of Environmental Science and Epidemiology, National Institute for Minamata Disease
  • Yamamoto Megumi
    Department of Basic Medical Science, National Institute for Minamata Disease Graduate School of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, Prefectural University of Kumamoto

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<p>People are exposed to methylmercury (MeHg) mainly through fish consumption, which is increasing in Vietnam. However, little information is available on estimating the health risk of MeHg exposure through fish consumption in Vietnam. The present study examined the association between mercury (Hg) levels in hair and selenium (Se) levels in toenails of 196 Vietnamese people and their fish consumption, using a dietary questionnaire to obtain information pertinent for assessing health risk owing to MeHg exposure. The geometric mean of Hg levels in the hair of males and females was 617 ng/g and 575 ng/g, respectively. We found that Hg levels in the hair of 98% of the Vietnamese study subjects were lower than the provisional tolerable weekly intake for MeHg (1.6 µg Hg/kg body weight; which is equivalent to a hair Hg concentration of approximately 2,300 ng/g, with an uncertainty factor of 6.4). There were significant differences in the age-adjusted geometric mean of Hg levels found in hair from females related to their frequency of freshwater fish consumption. The levels of Hg in hair and Se in toenails increased with an increased frequency of marine fish consumption, and both showed a significant positive correlation in subjects who consumed marine fish ≥ once/week. This is the first cross-sectional study to investigate the association between hair Hg levels and fish consumption in Vietnam. These findings provide valuable information for future assessments of the health risk of MeHg exposure through fish consumption in Vietnam.</p>

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