Frictional Characteristics of Clay Minerals and Implication for Earthquakes at Subduction Zone

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  • Katayama Ikuo
    Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Hiroshima University

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  • 粘土鉱物の摩擦特性と沈み込みプレート境界地震の関連性
  • ネンド コウブツ ノ マサツ トクセイ ト シズミ コミ プレート キョウカイ ジシン ノ カンレンセイ

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Abstract

<p>Clay minerals are considered to play important roles in the generation and nature of earthquakes occurred at subduction zone because of their unique frictional characteristics. Friction coefficients of clay minerals are strongly influenced by the presence of water due to incorporating interlayer water into the structure and absorption onto the crystal surfaces. Velocity dependence of friction is generally characterized by velocity-strengthening (stable sliding) at relatively low temperatures, however, as elevating temperature, clay minerals show velocity-weakening behavior (unstable sliding). Frictional healing of clay minerals is significantly smaller than other silicates such as quartz under wet environments, suggesting weak fault strength on the clay-rich surfaces. These distinctive frictional characteristics of clay minerals may explain regional variation and complex behavior of earthquakes on the subducting plate interface.</p>

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