Promoting Reading and Writing Based on Explanation Schema :

DOI Web Site 3 Citations 8 References Open Access

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Other Title
  • 説明スキーマに基づく読解と表現を促す授業実践
  • —小学4年生における説明的な文章の指導—
  • Teaching Expository Texts to 4th-Grade Students

Abstract

  The term “explanation schema” refers to knowledge about effective explaining behavior, which is used for both reading and writing.  For example, people could organize the contents of expository texts using the scheme that “expository texts often consist of the elements question-explanation-answer”.  In the present study, 2 class units on expository texts were taught in order to promote students’ use of reading and writing strategies, based on explanation schema.  The participants were nine 4th-grade students in 1 class.  In the first half of each unit, the teacher helped the students to learn and use explanation schema to read the texts by explicitly teaching the schema and prompting the students to summarize the material in the form of question-explanation-answer.  In the second half, the students themselves wrote expository texts following the form question-explanation-answer, based on books that they had read outside of class.  The students also utilized explanation schema when explaining and questioning the contents with each other.  The results from a questionnaire and a reading test revealed that the scores on items about attitude toward and skills in using explanation schema increased after the students had experienced the 2 units.  Finally, the discussion addresses the need to expand research on explanation schema in other subjects, including integrated study.

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