戦後初期における旧軍関係教育機関出身者への施策

• 白岩 伸也

  筑波大学・大学院生

書誌事項

タイトル別名

• Measures for Former Military Educational Institution graduates in Early Postwar Japan:
• 戦後初期における旧軍関係教育機関出身者への施策 : 「非軍事化」と「民主化」の動向とその射程に着目して
• センゴ ショキ ニ オケル キュウ グン カンケイ キョウイク キカン シュッシンシャ エ ノ シサク : 「 ヒグンジカ 」 ト 「 ミンシュカ 」 ノ ドウコウ ト ソノ シャテイ ニ チャクモク シテ
• ―「非軍事化」と「民主化」の動向とその射程に着目して―
• The Trend of “Demilitarization” and “Democratization” and Its Scope

抄録

After the Potsdam Declaration, the Japanese government had to decide on the treatment of former military educational institution graduates (hereinafter referred to graduates), while attempting to transform the country’s self-image from “Imperial Japan” to “Democratic Japan”. The Ministry of Education tried to transfer many graduates to other schools. However, various discussions over the measure developed. This paper clarifies the formation of the measures for graduates in early postwar Japan by focusing on the trend of “demilitarization” and “democratization” and its scope. In August 1945, the Ministry of Army and Navy began to negotiate with the Ministry of Education to transfer graduates to other schools. As a result, the Cabinet decided upon “preferential transfers” for graduates. However, when students started to criticize and CIE (Civil Information and Education Section) started to intervene, preferential transfers were abolished in November. “Restrictive transfers” that limited the number of graduates to ten percent of a school’s capacity was determined in February 1946. Nevertheless, opinions criticizing restrictive transfers or insisting upon the necessity of re-education appeared. In addition, the discrepancy between the text of the Constitution of Japan and the Fundamental Law of Education and the measures was pointed out. As described above, the measures were formed through “consultation” and “crossbreeding” with the Ministry of Army and Navy, the Ministry of Education, and CIE. The scope of “demilitarization” was interpreted differently by each organization, so that “demilitarization” and “democratization” developed a relationship of mutual conflict and reliance. It may be considered that the achievement of “demilitarization” and “democratization” was hindered, thus affecting later historical developments.

収録刊行物

• 日本の教育史学

  日本の教育史学 60 (0), 45-57, 2017

  教育史学会

詳細情報

• CRID: 1390282680743495424
• NII論文ID: 130006603057
• NII書誌ID: AN00196260
• DOI: 10.15062/kyouikushigaku.60.0_45
• ISSN: 21894485
• ISSN: 03868982
• NDL書誌ID: 028626442
• Web Site: https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I028626442
• 本文言語コード: ja
• データソース種別:
  • JaLC
  • NDL
  • CiNii Articles
• 抄録ライセンスフラグ: 使用不可