Live-cell Imaging with Genetically Encoded Protein Kinase Activity Reporters

  • Maryu Gembu
    Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University Division of Quantitative Biology, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
  • Miura Haruko
    Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University Division of Quantitative Biology, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
  • Uda Youichi
    Division of Quantitative Biology, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
  • Komatsubara Akira T.
    Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University Division of Quantitative Biology, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences
  • Matsuda Michiyuki
    Laboratory of Bioimaging and Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University Imaging Platform for Spatio-Temporal Information, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
  • Aoki Kazuhiro
    Division of Quantitative Biology, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Imaging Platform for Spatio-Temporal Information, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University

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Abstract

<p>Protein kinases play pivotal roles in intracellular signal transduction, and dysregulation of kinases leads to pathological results such as malignant tumors. Kinase activity has hitherto been measured by biochemical methods such as in vitro phosphorylation assay and western blotting. However, these methods are less useful to explore spatial and temporal changes in kinase activity and its cell-to-cell variation. Recent advances in fluorescent proteins and live-cell imaging techniques enable us to visualize kinase activity in living cells with high spatial and temporal resolutions. Several genetically encoded kinase activity reporters, which are based on the modes of action of kinase activation and phosphorylation, are currently available. These reporters are classified into single-fluorophore kinase activity reporters and Förster (or fluorescence) resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based kinase activity reporters. Here, we introduce the principles of genetically encoded kinase activity reporters, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these reporters.</p><p>Key words: kinase, FRET, phosphorylation, KTR</p>

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