Potential Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient Estimates for Sugarcane in Okinawa

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  • Potential evapotranspiration and crop coefficients for sugarcane in Okinawa

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Abstract

Seven empirical ET-calculation models (Penman Modified, FAO Penman-Monteith, Priestly-Taylors, Doorenbos-Pruit’s Modified FAO Penman, FAO Blaney-Criddle, FAO 24 Radiation and Jensen-Haise) were evaluated from 1980-2003 to estimate the potential evapotranspiration (ETp), crop coefficients (Kc) and crop water requirements (ETc) for sugarcane grown in nine locations on Southwest Islands of Japan (Naha-Okinawa south, Nago-Okinawa north, Kume, Minami Daito, Ishigaki, Miyako, Yonaguni, Iriomote and Izena). The FAO Penman-Monteith model showed the most reliable estimates of ETp. The mean of monthly ETp, ETc and Kc were higher in Ishigaki, Miyako, Minami Daito and Yonaguni compared to Naha, Kume, and Iriomote, while these were low for Nago and Izena. The values of ETp, ETc and Kc for all islands increased gradually from January (summer cane) and April (spring cane), reached the peak in July-October, and thereafter decreased gradually to February of the following year. The Kc values of summer and spring planted sugarcane reached a maximum during June to September (1.10-1.24) and July to October (1.17-1.41) respectively. Overall, the Kc values of spring cane were higher than the summer cane and the values declined around 0.50 (summer) and 0.54 (spring) at the end of growing season. A long-term analysis of effective rainfall revealed that 485±125 mm annual water shortage prevails in these islands. Seasonal water demand in Ishigaki, Miyako, Minami Daito, and Naha was higher compared to other islands.

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