Olfactory trait in individuals with autism spectrum disorders

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  • Kumazaki Hirokazu
    Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine

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  • 自閉スペクトラム症の嗅覚特性

Abstract

<p>  Olfaction is a vital sense, and makes an important role for risk cognition, reproductive activity and various activities. There has been a substantial number of studies on olfaction in neuropsychiatric disorders like Alzheimerʼs disease and schizophrenia. Sensory issues including olfaction have been explicitly included in the diagnostic criteria of the autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in recently released DSM-5. This DSM-5 inclusion implies that abnormal responses to sensory stimuli have historically been an overlooked feature of ASD. A growing body of evidence using questionaires suggest that children with ASD experience increased olfactory symptoms compared to children with typical development (TD) . In clinical settings, it is suggested that olfactory trait in children with ASD are correlated with social function. On the other hand, there are little description about concern for olfactory trait in an autobiography. Laboratory-based sensory psychophysical studies to investigate olfactory trait in children with ASD using olfactory testing have produced inconsistent results. Previous study reported atypical responsiveness to olfactory stimuli was the strongest predictor of social impairment in children with ASD. Positive support considering olfactory trait in children with ASD have the potential to improve quality of life. Research in the field of ASD and olfaction is still infancy, and future studies on the topic are needed.</p>

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