Why Regional Fertility Differs in Japan: How Fukui Manages to Have Higher Fertility Rates than Toyama

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  • 地域ブロック内における出生率の違い――富山と福井の比較から――
  • チイキ ブロック ナイ ニ オケル シュッショウリツ ノ チガイ : トヤマ ト フクイ ノ ヒカク カラ

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Abstract

Although both Toyama and Fukui prefectures are located in Hokuriku and have many socio-economic indicators in common, Fukui has distinctly higher fertility rates than Toyama. Using micro and macro data, this paper investigates why that should be. My findings demonstrate that Fukui is exceptional in the amount of childcare provided by grandparents, the perceived child-friendliness of the area, and the perceived economic outlook of the area. Findings suggest that the amount of childcare provided by grandparents is determined by the child and by the gender-related values of grandparents. The perceived child-friendliness of the area is determined by the positive economic outlook of the area. The economic outlook, in turn, is strongly associated with the level of local taxation. The exceptionally positive outlook of Fukui was supported by the ample income deriving from its nuclear power plants and related industries. Finally, my findings suggest that it is women’s employment rates upon high school graduation that affect women’s age at first marriage. Toyama women have much lower employment rates than men upon high school graduation, which leads to the delayed timing of age at first marriage.

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