Spatio-temporal Patterns in Stochastic Plankton-fish Systems

抄録

A food chain describes predator-prey interaction between species. Since behaviors of some species in the food chain have an effect on the whole ecosystem, it is very important to consider temporal-spatio change of the population of species from the view point of maintenance, management, protection of the ecosystem. In this paper, we consider the food chain consisting of three populations, fish, zooplankton and phytoplankton, and study the modeling of such a food chain and analyze their behaviors by numerical simulations. In the food chain, environmental changes cause some kinds of random fluctuations in the growth and the death rates of species. In order to study the impact of these uncertainties on the food chain, we need the stochastic predator-prey model. Thus, we propose the stochastic plankton-fish model. In the numerical analyses for the stochastic plankton-fish systems, we show that the size, number and motion of fish school have a great influence on appearance of a spiral wave of plankton density and such a spiral pattern is robust for disturbance.

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