Intervention Through Nutrition Improvement and Exercise Programs of Multi-professional Collaboration for Users of Fee-based Assisted Living Homes for the Older People

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Abstract

Through activities targeting nutrition improvement and exercise programs, a three-month intervention was conducted for nine users of fee-based assisted living homes for the older people in Kanagawa Prefecture with an Alb level of <3.8g/dl. Interdisciplinary intervention approaches were provided through multi-professional collaboration, while holding monthly case conferences and study meetings. The users’ attributes, nutritional status, motor functions, and QOL (SF-8) were evaluated at baseline and Month 3. During the study period, physical deconditioning occurred in 3 users, consequently reducing the mean Alb level. The Alb levels and dietary intake of users with a favorable physical condition were maintained/ increased, while the values of those with a poor physical condition decreased (decreased Alb group). The former’s BMI was also maintained/ improved, and total Locomo-25 score and FR tended to be maintained /improved. Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores representing the QOL showed a particularly marked tendency to improve after intervention, and such an improvement was also observed in the decreased Alb group. Season-related physical deconditioning is likely to have been the leading cause of the decrease in the mean Alb level during intervention. The nutritional status of all users, excluding those with a poor physical condition, improved after intervention. The usefulness of the BMI as a nutritional index was also confirmed. As for motor functions, the users’ Locomo-25 scores as an index of a reduced walking ability due to motor dysfunction tended to improve. Improvements in the QOL associated with mental factors were also observed in the decreased Alb group. The results support the effectiveness of the interdisciplinary intervention approaches integrating narrative elements provided through multi-professional collaboration.

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