The Association Between Metabolically Healthy Obesity and the Risk of Proteinuria: The Kansai Healthcare Study
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- Uehara Shinichiro
- Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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- Sato Kyoko Kogawa
- Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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- Koh Hideo
- Hematology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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- Shibata Mikiko
- Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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- Kinuhata Shigeki
- Medical Education and General Practice, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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- Yamada Akiko
- Osaka City University Hospital
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- Oue Keiko
- Kansai Health Administration Center, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone West Corporation
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- Kambe Hiroshi
- Kansai Health Administration Center, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone West Corporation
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- Morimoto Michio
- Kansai Health Administration Center, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone West Corporation
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- Hayashi Tomoshige
- Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
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Abstract
<p>Background: Metabolically healthy obesity seems to be a unique phenotype for the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, it is not known whether this phenotype is associated with the risk of proteinuria.</p><p>Methods: Study subjects were 9,185 non-diabetic Japanese male workers aged 40–55 years who had no proteinuria, an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2, no history of cancer, and no use of antihypertensive or lipid-lowering medications at baseline. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25.0 kg/m2. Metabolic health was defined as the presence of no Adult Treatment Panel III components of the metabolic syndrome criteria, excluding waist circumference, and metabolic unhealth was defined as the presence of one or more metabolic syndrome components, excluding waist circumference. “Consecutive proteinuria” was considered positive if proteinuria was detected twice consecutively as 1+ or higher on urine dipstick at annual examinations to exclude chance proteinuria as much as possible.</p><p>Results: During the 81,660 person-years follow-up period, we confirmed 390 cases of consecutive proteinuria. Compared with metabolically healthy non-obesity, metabolically healthy obesity was not associated with the risk of consecutive proteinuria (multiple-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37–1.99), but metabolically unhealthy non-obesity with ≥2 metabolic syndrome components (HR 1.77; 95% CI, 1.30–2.42), metabolically unhealthy obesity with one component (HR 1.71; 95% CI, 1.12–2.61), and metabolically unhealthy obesity with ≥2 metabolic syndrome components (HR 2.77; 95% CI, 2.01–3.82) were associated with an increased risk of consecutive proteinuria.</p><p>Conclusions: Metabolically healthy obesity did not increase the risk of consecutive proteinuria in Japanese middle-aged men.</p>
Journal
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- Journal of Epidemiology
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Journal of Epidemiology 28 (8), 361-366, 2018-08-05
Japan Epidemiological Association