Genetic diversity of Myanmar cattle breeds using complete mitochondrial D-loop sequence

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  • LWIN Moe
    The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan
  • MON Su Lai Yee
    Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan
  • NAGANO Yukio
    The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan Analytical Research Center for Experimental Sciences, Saga University, Honjo, Saga, Japan
  • KAWABE Kotaro
    Education Center, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan
  • MANNEN Hideyuki
    Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
  • OKAMOTO Shin
    The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan
  • SHIMOGIRI Takeshi
    The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima, Japan

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Abstract

In Myanmar, native cattle are mainly used for draught. Currently, the available genetic information about them is limited. In this study, complete mtDNA D-loop sequences were analyzed for genetic diversity and differentiation of four popular local breeds – Shwe Ni, Pyar Sein, Ngwar Pyar Ni and Shan Ngwar Pu – and the crossbred population (Holstein Friesian X Myanmar native cattle) among Myanmar’s cattle. From the complete D-loop sequences, 26 polymorphic sites and 27 haplotypes were obtained. All haplotypes (MYAH01 to 27) belonged to two zebu haplogroups of I1 and I2 by the NJ tree and MJ network. A MYAH10 haplotype was major (68%) and common in all breeds and population. Fifteen haplotypes were novel. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the four local breeds and crossbred population ranged from 0.193 in Shan Ngwar Pu to 0.832 in the crossbred, and from 0.00051 in Shan Ngwar Pu to 0.00334 in crossbred, respectively. Genetic differentiation among the breeds and population was quite low in the D-loop of Myanmar cattle because the genetic variation among populations (1.4%) was not significant in AMOVA. However, Shan Ngwar Pu was significantly different from other breeds, according to the pairwise FST values. These results provided the genetic diversity and relationship in the popular local breeds and crossbred population of the Myanmar cattle.

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