A Pilot Study of the Relationship between Whole-body Skeletal Muscle Mass and Tongue Pressure in ≥75-year-old Individuals Requiring Home-based Care Support

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  • 75歳以上在宅要支援・要介護高齢者における全身の骨格筋量と舌圧に関する予備的研究
  • 75サイ イジョウ ザイタク ヨウ シエン ・ ヨウカイゴコウレイシャ ニ オケル ゼンシン ノ コッカクキンリョウ ト ゼツアツ ニ カンスル ヨビテキ ケンキュウ

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Abstract

<p> Tongue pressure is the force produced by contact between the anterior part of the hard palate and tongue, which is composed chiefly of muscle tissue. Tongue pressure is one of the objective indicators of oral function. Low whole-body skeletal muscle mass has been reported to be associated with functional impairment and physical disability. However, little is known about the relationship between whole-body skeletal muscle mass and oral function. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between whole-body skeletal muscle mass and tongue pressure in individuals aged ≥75 years old requiring home-based support.</p><p> This study included 64 individuals aged ≥75 years (average age = 86.4 years; 18 men and 46 women) who used home-based care support covered by long-term care insurance. Tongue pressure was measured using a tongue pressure measurement device. In addition, limb skeletal muscle mass was measured by a body composition analyzer. Subsequently, the skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated by dividing the absolute limb skeletal muscle mass by the height in meters squared. Then, the association between tongue pressure and SMI was estimated by robust regression analysis. Variables that showed a significant correlation with tongue pressure in univariate analysis were included as potential confounders in the multivariable model.</p><p> Univariate analysis showed a significant positive correlation between SMI and tongue pressure. This remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders (regression coefficient=3.6; 95% confidence interval=1.6–5.5; p<0.01).</p><p> In conclusion, this study demonstrated a significant positive correlation between whole-body skeletal muscle mass and tongue pressure in individuals aged ≥75 years old requiring home-based care support.</p>

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