Hearing impairment and the underlying mechanisms

• Kawase Tetsuaki

  Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine

Bibliographic Information

Other Title

• 聴覚臨床に役立つ聴覚メカニズムの知識
• ―from sound perception to auditory scene analysis―
• ―音受容から聴覚情景分析まで―

Abstract

　The human auditory system is a sound information processing system. For examination of patients with hearing loss, analytic evaluation of each part of the auditory system and an integrated understanding of the influence of possible pathologies of each component on the entire auditory system are important. This paper outlines the underlying mechanisms of hearing impairment associated with representative pathologies of the auditory system. Threshold elevation accompanying the recruitment phenomenon (i.e., classical “inner ear disorder”) results from outer hair cell damage. Both auditory neuropathy (AN) and hidden hearing loss (HHL) are caused by synaptic pathology between the inner hair cells and cochlear nerve endings. However, the pathologies of AN and HHL differ: while dys-synchrony of cochlear nerve spike information (qualitative disorder) appears to the main pathology in AN, that in HLL is a quantitative reduction of neurons with a high threshold. Functional impairment of the auditory scene analysis mechanism is a possible causal factor of auditory processing disorders.

Journal

• AUDIOLOGY JAPAN

  AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 61 (3), 177-186, 2018-06-30

  Japan Audiological Society

Keywords

• 外有毛細胞
• 内有毛細胞
• 蝸牛神経
• 聴覚情景分析

Details

• CRID: 1390845712984515456
• NII Article ID: 130007432834
• DOI: 10.4295/audiology.61.177
• ISSN: 18837301
• ISSN: 03038106
• Web Site: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/audiology/61/3/61_177/_pdf
• Web Site: https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2018336466
• Text Lang: ja
• Data Source:
  • JaLC
  • Crossref
  • CiNii Articles
  • KAKEN
• Abstract License Flag: Disallowed