Immunotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a review

  • Mimura Kosaku
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University Department of Advanced Cancer Immunotherapy, Fukushima Medical University Department of Progressive DOHaD Research, Fukushima Medical University
  • Yamada Leo
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University
  • Ujiie Daisuke
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University
  • Hayase Suguru
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University
  • Tada Takeshi
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University
  • Hanayama Hiroyuki
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University
  • Thar Min Aung Kyi
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University
  • Shibata Masahiko
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University Department of Advanced Cancer Immunotherapy, Fukushima Medical University
  • Momma Tomoyuki
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University
  • Saze Zenichiro
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University
  • Ohki Shinji
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University
  • Kono Koji
    Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University

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Abstract

<p>Cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have recently been employed as immunotherapies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Cancer vaccines for ESCC have yielded several promising results from investigator-initiated phase I and II clinical trials. Furthermore, a Randomized Controlled Trial as an adjuvant setting after curative surgery is in progress in Japan. On the other hand, ICI, anti-CTLA-4 mAb and anti-PD-1 mAb, have demonstrated tumor shrinkage and improved overall survival in patients with multiple cancer types. For ESCC, several clinical trials using anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 mAb are underway with several recent promising results. In this review, cancer vaccines and ICI are discussed as novel therapeutic strategies for ESCC.</p>

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