The Contribution of Alcohol Dehydrogenase 3 to the Development of Alcoholic Osteoporosis in Mice
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- Okuda Takahisa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Nippon Medical School
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- Naruo Munehiro
- Department of Legal Medicine, Nippon Medical School
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- Iijima Osamu
- Office for Research Administrative Support, Center for Strategic Research Initiative, Nippon Medical School
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- Igarashi Tsutomu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School
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- Katsuyama Midori
- Department of Legal Medicine, Nippon Medical School
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- Maruyama Motoyo
- Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Nippon Medical School
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- Akimoto Toshio
- Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Nippon Medical School
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- Ohno Youkichi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Nippon Medical School
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- Haseba Takeshi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Nippon Medical School Department of Legal Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University
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Abstract
<p>Background: Alcohol dehydrogenase 3 (ADH3) plays major roles not only in alcohol metabolism but also in nitric oxide metabolism as S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR). ADH3/GSNOR regulates both adipogenesis and osteogenesis through the denitrosylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ. The current study investigated the contribution of ADH3 to the development of alcoholic osteoporosis in chronic alcohol consumption (CAC). Methods: Nine-week-old male mice of different ADH genotypes [wild-type (WT) and Adh3−/−] were administered a 10% ethanol solution for 12 months. The femurs were evaluated by histochemical staining and computed tomography-based bone densitometry. The mRNA levels of ADH3 were evaluated in the WT mice by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The Adh3−/− control mice exhibited increased activities of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts and lower bone masses than the WT control mice. CAC exhibited no remarkable change in osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities, but decreased bone masses were observed in WT mice despite an increase in the mRNA levels of ADH3. Conversely, bone masses in the Adh3−/− control mice were not reduced after CAC. Conclusions: The Adh3−/− control mice exhibited a high turnover of osteoporosis since osteoclastogenesis dominated osteoblastogenesis; however, bone resorption was not enhanced after CAC. In comparison, CAC lead to alcoholic osteoporosis in WT mice, accompanied by increased mRNA levels of ADH3. Hence, ADH3 can prevent osteoporosis development in normal ADH genotypes with no alcohol ingestion. However, ADH3 contributes to the development of alcoholic osteoporosis under CAC by participating in alcohol metabolism, increasing metabolic toxicity, and lowering GSNO reducing activity.</p>
Journal
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- Journal of Nippon Medical School
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Journal of Nippon Medical School 85 (6), 322-329, 2018-12-10
The Medical Association of Nippon Medical School