The Relationship of Dietary Cholesterol with Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Confounding by Reverse Causality: The INTERLIPID Study
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- Okami Yukiko
- Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science
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- Ueshima Hirotsugu
- Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
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- Nakamura Yasuyuki
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University
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- Okuda Nagako
- Department of Health and Nutrition, University of Human Arts and Sciences
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- Nakagawa Hideaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University
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- Sakata Kiyomi
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University
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- Saitoh Shigeyuki
- School of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University
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- Okayama Akira
- Research Institute of Strategy for Prevention
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- Yoshita Katsushi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Osaka City University
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- R. Choudhury Sohel
- Department of Epidemiology and Research, National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute
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- Chan Queenie
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London
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- Elliott Paul
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London
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- Stamler Jeremiah
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
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- Miura Katsuyuki
- Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
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<p>Aim: The positive relationship between dietary cholesterol and serum cholesterol has been questioned by a set of recent cohort studies. This study aimed to investigate how employment status and education years relate to the association between dietary cholesterol and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in a Japanese population.</p><p>Methods: A population-based, random sample, cross-sectional study (INTERLIPID) was performed. Among 1,145 Japanese individuals aged 40-59 years, 106 were excluded because of special diets, use of lipid-lowering drugs, hormone replacement, and missing data, leaving 1,039 individuals (533 men and 506 women). Dietary cholesterol was assessed from four 24-h dietary recalls, and LDL-C was measured enzymatically with an auto-analyzer. A standard questionnaire inquired about employment status and education years.</p><p>Results: In men, a 1 standard deviation (SD) higher dietary cholesterol was associated with 3.16 mg/dL lower serum LDL-C (P=0.009; unadjusted model). After adjustment for covariates, higher serum LDL-C was estimated per 1 SD higher intake of dietary cholesterol in nonemployed men [self-employed, homemakers, farmers, fishermen, and retired employees; β=＋9.08, 95% confidence interval (CI)=＋0.90-＋17.27] and less educated men (β=＋4.46, 95% CI=－0.97-＋9.90), whereas an inverse association was observed in employed men (β=－3.02, 95% CI=－5.49-－0.54) and more educated men (β=－3.66, 95% CI=－6.25-－1.07).</p><p>Conclusions: In men who were nonemployed and less educated, a higher intake of dietary cholesterol was associated with elevated concentrations of serum LDL-C, whereas an inverse association was observed in men who were employed and more educated.</p><p></p>
収録刊行物
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- Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ ｏｆ Ａｔｈｅｒｏｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ Ｔｈｒｏｍｂｏｓｉｓ
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Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ ｏｆ Ａｔｈｅｒｏｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ Ｔｈｒｏｍｂｏｓｉｓ 26 (2), 170-182, 2019-02-01
一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会