TYPOLOGY ON EXTERIOR DESIGN OF TOWNHOUSES IN A WORLD CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE OF A NEPALI CITY

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  • ネパールの世界文化遺産登録都市における都市型住居の外観意匠類型
  • ネパールの世界文化遺産登録都市における都市型住居の外観意匠類型 : バクタプル東部の都市街区を事例に
  • ネパール ノ セカイ ブンカ イサン トウロク トシ ニ オケル トシガタ ジュウキョ ノ ガイカン イショウ ルイケイ : バクタプル トウブ ノ トシガイク オ ジレイ ニ
  • －バクタプル東部の都市街区を事例に－
  • The case study on an urban block in the eastern part of Bhaktapur

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Abstract

 The paper deals with the exterior design of townhouses in an urban block of the eastern part of Bhaktapur in Kathmandu Valley registered as a World Cultural Heritage site in 1979. The paper consists of following five steps.<br> 1) First and the most important purpose is to provide analysis method to determine typical combination among exterior design elements of Nepali townhouses. By adopting the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (or Mathematical Quantification Theory Category III is equivalent also) and Cluster Analysis, 118 samples are grouped into 13 clusters.<br> 2) Secondly, in the preceding paper, authors proposed the idea called "eaves types". It was meant to discern the developing process of Nepali townhouses between extension of storeys and total reconstruction. Although we showed the pitched eaves types and flat eaves experience different development, we had not yet reached to describe the concrete facade classification of eaves types. The paper tries to present variation of exterior design of eaves types.<br> 3) Several clusters derived from analysis show different characteristics of facade though sometimes they belong to the same eaves type. For 3F, 4F pitched eaves type and 3F, 4F flat eaves type, the analysis results in finding both traditional sophisticated design and contemporary one. What's more, cluster 8 regarded as one with the most traditional style contains both typical old townhouses and newly rebuilt guesthouse-like ones. This may suggest that recent exterior design of guesthouses are similar to that of traditional townhouses<br> 4) Every cluster properly corresponds to the structure excluded from item-category type data. Clusters with flat eaves correspond chiefly to confined masonry followed by mixed structure with masonry and RCC slabs. As for affected condition by 2015 earthquake, all the three clusters within 3F no eaves type came under the category "partially destroyed".<br> 5) Finally after clustering, all samples were put into the original plots on the map. Facades of townhouses along streets tend to maintain traditional exterior design elements as opposed to the facades inside courtyards, which would normally take on modest external appearance. There are also several variations of facades ranging somewhere between traditional and simple modern exterior design. Townhouses with such marginal designs are scattered along streets, in alleys and inside courtyards.<br> In this way, most of clusters can be related to certain locations in correspondence with their exterior designs. This would help a designer/ planner to reflect how they should compose a proper facade once they get involved in reconstruction works of townhouses after the earthquake.

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