Comparison of the Effects of Long-chain Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Positional Isomers on Lipid Metabolism in 3T3-L1 Cells

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  • Senarath Samanthika
    Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka
  • Beppu Fumiaki
    Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology
  • Yoshinaga Kazuaki
    Tsukishima Foods Industry Co. Ltd.
  • Nagai Toshiharu
    Tsukishima Foods Industry Co. Ltd.
  • Yoshida Akihiko
    Tsukishima Foods Industry Co. Ltd.
  • Gotoh Naohiro
    Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology

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<p>Long chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LC-MUFAs) have shown beneficial health effects in previous studies. They occur as mixtures of positional isomers (PIs) in food. The functionalities of LC-MUFA PIs have not been studied extensively. Common LC-MUFA PIs, namely cis-octadecenoic acid (c-18:1), cis-eicosenoic acid (c-20:1), and cis-docosenoic acid (c-22:1), were screened based on their effects on lipid accumulation. We selected nine fatty acids (FAs) to assess their effects on cellular lipid metabolism using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Lipid accumulation was found to be higher in cells treated with LC-MUFAs than in the non-treated cells. When comparing the influence of chain length of LC-MUFAs, TG levels tended to be higher in cells treated with c-22:1 group than that of the c18:1 and c-20:1 groups. Among the c-22:1 group, c9-22:1 treatment showed higher lipid accumulation, and was accompanied with elevated expression of transcription factors related to adipogenesis and lipogenesis, such as PPARγ and C/EBPα, and SREBP-1, respectively. In contrast, the effects of c-20:1 FAs were less pronounced than those of c-18:1 and c-22:1. Levels of accumulated lipid in cells treated with c15-20:1 were the same as in non-treated control. PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1 were expressed at lower levels with c15-20:1 FA. Furthermore, mRNA levels of SCD-1 and FAS were lowered more by c15- and c11-20:1 than by other MUFAs. These results revealed that differences in the effects of LC-MUFAs on lipid metabolism depend on their chain lengths and on the position of the double bond.</p>

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