Human keratinocyte HaCaT cells form aggregates containing Ras-GAP SH3 domain-binding proteins in the cytoplasm in response to a low dose of teniposide

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  • Qiu Wenzhe
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • Arimoto-Matsuzaki Kyoko
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • Kitamura Masami
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Diversity Diamond Unit Project Department, Student Support and Health Administration Organization, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • Hata Yutaka
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University

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Eukaryotic cells, when exposed to stress, stop protein translation and form cytoplasmic granules called stress granules (SGs) containing mRNAs and mRNA-binding proteins such as Ras-GAP SH3 domain-binding protein (G3BP) 1 and 2. Cells are thought to survive stress by utilizing SGs as the platform of RNA triage. Accordingly, in cancer cells, SGs are proposed to cause resistance against anti-cancer drugs. We initiated this study to identify novel compounds that induce SGs. We exposed human keratinocyte HaCaT cells to various chemical compounds and immunostained them with anti-G3BP antibody. We found that the cells exposed to topoisomerase inhibitors, teniposide and topotecan, form G3BP-containing aggregates (GCAs). GCAs look like SGs, but are formed more slowly and are not dissociated after stress removal. GCA formation is not associated with eIF2α phosphorylation, while in most cases SG formation depends on it. More importantly, GCAs do not contain representative components of SGs or mRNAs. In sum, we have unexpectedly found a novel cytoplasmic structure ｃontaining G3BP that is distinct from SG.

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