Hepatic encephalopathy caused by portosystemic shunt in a Holstein calf

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  • Moriyama S.
    Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • Chiba S.
    Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • Uesaka K.
    Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
  • Kushima H.
    Tokachi Agricultural Mutual Aid Association
  • Watanabe K.
    Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • Horiuchi N.
    Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
  • Kobayashi Y.
    Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
  • Inokuma H.
    Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University

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Other Title
  • 先天性門脈体循環シャントにより肝性脳症を呈したホルスタイン種子牛の1症例
  • 症例報告 先天性門脈体循環シャントにより肝性脳症を呈したホルスタイン種子牛の1症例
  • ショウレイ ホウコク センテンセイ モンミャクタイ ジュンカン シャント ニ ヨリ カンセイ ノウショウ オ テイシタ ホルスタイン シュシギュウ ノ 1 ショウレイ

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Abstract

<p>　A 76-day-old Holstein female calf presented with astasia, reduced consciousness and convulsion. The local veterinarians suspected cerebrocortical necrosis, and symptoms subsided after the administration of vitamin B1, Ringer’s solution, saline and 25% glucose. At 130 days of age, however, similar clinical signs recurred and were not controlled by the same therapy. Serum ammonium and bile acid levels were markedly elevated（490μg/dℓ and 153.2μM, respectively）. Two hours after suckling, serum bile acid was further increased. Ultrasound examination of the liver revealed an abnormal vessel running in parallel with the caudal vena cava and a high turbulent blood flow where these vessels merged. These findings strongly suggest hepatic encephalopathy caused by hepatic portosystemic shunt（PSS）, which was confirmed during necropsy. Histopathological findings included vacuole formation in the cerebral white matter. Although PSS is a rarely recognized disease in cattle, it should be added to the differential diagnosis list for calves exhibiting neurologic symptoms consistent with cerebrocortical necrosis.</p>

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