自転車交通ルールの認知と自転車運転行動及び走行環境との関係

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タイトル別名
  • RELATIONS BETWEEN THE RECOGNITION OF TRAFFIC RULES OF BICYCLE, CYCLIST BEHAVIOR AND CYCLING ENVIRONMENT
  • ジテンシャ コウツウ ルール ノ ニンチ ト ジテンシャ ウンテン コウドウ オヨビ ソウコウ カンキョウ ト ノ カンケイ

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<p> Bicycles are used by many people as a convenient form of transport; however, bicycle accidents have become a serious problem. Approximately 60% of bicycle accidents are caused by violating bicycle rules, and cyclists who violate the rules are teenagers to 20-year-old riders. According to a previous survey, cyclists sometimes break rules on purpose; however, the detail factor has not been revealed. Accordingly, this study tries to clarify the relation between bicycle driving behavior from the recognition and compliance of cycling rules in teenagers and 20-year-old cyclists.</p><p> The surveys used a questionnaire and a fixed-point observation. The questionnaire targeted high school and college students and surveys the recognition and compliance of cycling rules. The fixed-point observation surveyed how bicycles were used at 11 points. Furthermore, the factors of inhibiting the compliance of cyclists were evaluated using the result of the questionnaire and fixed-point observation.</p><p> We clarified three aspects as a result. First, we obtained the following characteristic rules: “the rules which the cyclist possibly broke on purpose” and “the rules which the cyclist possible does not recognize.” The rules, which cyclist can possibly break on purpose, are “Drunken cycling” and “Parallel cycling.” The difference in recognition and real cycling (e.g., “Cycling position of sidewalk”) was also obtained. Second, cyclists were hindered in observing the rules (e.g., telephone poles hinder cyclists from observing the rules). Hence, a detail scaled factor must be improved. Cyclists were found to not save rules even in the land type of police station as well as in other points. On the contrary, a high tendency for the rule violation rate was observed, suggesting that the destination or the cycling space influences the cycling behavior more than the indirect monitoring by a police station. In other words, stronger regulations (e.g., actual crackdown) are needed to reduce the rule violation rate. As described earlier, different rules are violated by road conditions and surrounding land use, making it clear that attention and crackdown according to each situation are required. Third, removing obstructive factors does not necessarily increase the rule compliance. Based on the questionnaire results, “roadway narrowing” and “traffic volume of a car” as the principle of roadway driving are inhibiting factors along with “time reduction” for the roadway running position and “danger” for the sidewalk running position. As a result of analyzing the relation between the driving position and the width of the roadway and sidewalk, widening the roadway tends to increase the violation rate. Moreover, compliance rate tends to increase with wider sidewalks.</p>

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